Perinatal results related to altered Body Mass Index in pregnant women; systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5377/rtu.v12i34.16346Keywords:
Pregnancy, Excessive gestational weight gain, Gestational BMI, Obesity and overweight, Perinatal outcomesAbstract
Introduction: The altered BMI in women during pregnancy generates problems in perinatal results that harm the newborn as well as the mother herself. The study of the relationship between perinatal outcomes and altered BMI in pregnant women is a research area of growing interest, which has begun to be studied in the last two decades.
Clinical question: What is the available scientific evidence about body mass index in pregnant women and its perinatal effects?
Objective: Systematize the available and accessible medical literature on body mass index in pregnant women and its perinatal effects.
Material and method: A systematic review of perinatal outcomes and their maternal-fetal effect was carried out. Nine scientific articles were included through the PUBMED metasearch engine, not including duplicate studies and published outside the study and search period, studies with poor methodological quality after applying the STROBE tool.
Results: It was shown that obese and overweight pregnant women have a higher risk of cesarean delivery, fetal macrosomia in the newborn and gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with excessive gestational weight gain according to IOM recommendations have a threefold risk of presenting preeclampsia and other fatal complications
Conclusions: There is a relationship between perinatal outcomes and the body mass index of pregnant women and it is extremely important to create strategies that reduce poor perinatal outcomes associated with an altered BMI during pregnancy.
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