Contributions of biotechnology to environmental regeneration for sustainable development

Abstract

This article summarizes the results of studies carried out by a team of researchers from different areas of the Biotechnology Research Center (CIB/UNAN-Managua). The research began with a physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of sediments and water in sites exposed to contamination as a result of artisanal mining and tanning activities. By summarizing these findings, it is possible to visualize that through the action of microorganisms it is possible to propose alternatives to the identified environmental problems. For this reason, emphasis is placed on the methods used during its implementation and its main findings. The CIB/UNAN-Managua aims to design Bioremediation technologies, which are non-invasive and are considered environmentally friendly while contributing to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals. The results suggest that fungal consortia isolated from mining deposits could be used to remove metals; according to the researchers, removal could be greater if phytoleaching is used. Microorganisms isolated from used vegetable oil could be used in the treatment of wastewater with high concentrations of oils and fats. It is important to mention that the execution of these restoration actions significantly links the university and the state.