Risk factors associated with Mesoamerican nephropathy in patients of the internal medicine service of the Hospital Escuela César Amador Molina in the period from January to June of the year 2022

Abstract

Mesoamerican Nephropathy (MeN) is a tubulointerstitial disease of unknown etiology. Under the title "non-traditional" there have been numerous hypotheses, among which dehydration, exposure to environmental contaminants and bacterial and parasitic infections have stood out, without currently being unanimous in the etiology of the illness. This study aims to identify the main risk factors associated with Mesoamerican Nephropathy found in patients admitted to the National Registry of Kidney Disease of the Department of Matagalpa in the first semester of 2022. It is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study with a population of 102 patients and a sample of 15, with an incidence of 14.7%. The data was obtained through a survey applied to each of the selected patients, where the following results were obtained: the most affected population was the male sex with 66.6%, with the age ranges between 45 and 50 years being the most prevalent. Among the main risk factors, the intake of energy drinks was recorded with a higher percentage with 80% of the population studied and exposure to agrochemicals in 53.33% of the patients. It was concluded that young adult male patients are the main affected, as well as those from rural areas and exposed to pesticides, which is consistent with previous studies in other places of Central America.